西南民族大学学报（人文社科版）

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1 本体安全理论是吉登斯结构化理论关于个人行动性的解释支点。参见Giddens,Anthony.1991.Modernity and Self-Identity:Self and Society in the Late Modern Age,Stanford:Stanford University Press.P.1-3 ;Giddens,Anthony.1984.The Constitution of Society:Outline of the Theory of Structuration,Berkeley and Los Angeles:University of California Press.P.xvii-xxii;Giddens,Anthony.1979.Central Problems in Social Theory:Action,Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis,London and Basingstoke:The Macmillan Press.P.120-122。

2 国内学者郭中华最早简述本体安全概念以解释吉登斯民族主义思想的个体心理基础,李格琴最早引荐本体安全理论在国际政治研究中的应用和关于其应用前提的争论,景晓强最早应用本体安全理论分析国家外交政策与国家认同的关联,未梳理理论的建构过程和进行方法论探讨。参见郭中华《吉登斯民族主义思想的三维透视》,《贵州民族研究》2006年第1期;李格琴《国际政治本体安全理论的建构与争论》,《国外社会科学》2010年第6期;李格琴《本体安全理论介入国际政治研究及其创新价值》,《太平洋学报》2010年第1期;景晓强《身份、情感与对外政策:以本体安全研究为中心的讨论》,《外交评论》2011年第4期。

3 关于吉登斯结构化理论的建构方式参见:Danermark,Berth.Ekstrom,Mats Liselotte Jakobsen&Jan Ch.Karlsson,2002.Explaining Society:Critical Realism in the Social Sciences,Abingdon:Routledge.P.119-139。

4 本体安全、意识与生存经历相关性论述参见:Giddens,Anthony.1991.Modernity and Self-Identity:Self and Society in the Late Modern Age.P.38-40;Giddens,Anthony.1979.Central Problems in Social Theory:Action,Structure and Contradiction in Social Analysis.P.190-191;人的机体和神经可塑性与个体发育定向的关联参见:Berger,Peter L.and Luckmann,Thomas.1967.The Social Construction of Reality:A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge,New York:Anchor Books.P.47-52;Wexler,Bruce E.2011.“Neuroplasticity:Biological Evolution’s Contribution to Cultural Evolution”,in Shi Huihan and Ernst Poppel.eds.,Culture and Neural Frames of Cognition and Communication,London and New York:Spinger.P.1-17。

5 缄默知识是无意识研究重点,其基础理论和实验心理学代表性论述参见:Polanyi,Michael.1958.Personal Knowledge:Toward A Post-Critical Philosophy,London:Routledge.P.70-139;Reber,Arthur S.1989.Implict Learning and Tacit Knowledge,Journal of Experimental Psychology:General.Vol.118,No.3:219-235。

6 “Indexicality”既是符号学、语言哲学、认知语言学与社会学常人方法论的概念,也是语言人类学和社会语言学方法论,被译为“索引性”、“引得属性”、“标引性”、“标指性”或“指向性”,都意指意义达成须基于产生符号现象的情景脉络。常人方法论基于语言哲学“索引词”(indexical expression)概念,参见Bar-Hillel,Yehoshua.1954.Indexical Expressions,Mind,Vol.63,No.251:359-379 。概括社会实践的特点,译名为“索引性”,表示社会行为指引和呈现社会共享的缄默知识的属性,已应用为社会学共识概念并与语言哲学和认知语言学译名一致。语言人类学据此概念建立了以言语为主的社会行为的政治社会意义分析框架。笔者因此选用“索引性”,以保持其概念在社会学、人类学、语言哲学、认知语言学和社会语言学的一致性和互通性,避免语码转换导致意义转换。

7 皮尔士提出人类主体的“本质”是心理习惯形成的联系法则,符号是塑造和体现主体思维的逻辑法则,参见Buchler,Justus.1955.Philosophical Writings of Peirce.New York:Dover Publications.P.xii-xiv。西尔弗斯坦与皮尔士立场一致,参见Silverstein,Michael.1976.“Shifters,Linguistic Categories,and Cultural Description”,in Basso,Keith H.and Selby,Henry A.eds.,Meaning in Anthropology:A school of American Research Book,Albuquerque:University of New Mexico Press.P.24-25。

8 符号索引性理论的应用可参见:Ochs,Elinor.“Indexing Gender”,in Duranti,Alessandro and Goodwin,Charles.1992.eds.,Rethinking Context:Language as An Interactive Phenomenon,New York:Cambridge University Press.P.335-358;Hanks,William.“The Indexical Ground of Deictic Reference”,in Duranti,Alessandro and Goodwin,Charles.1992.eds.,Rethinking Context:Language as An Interactive Phenomenon,P.43-76;Johnstone,Barbara,Andrus,Jenifer and Danielson,Andrew E.2006.Mobility,Indexicality,and the Enregisterment of“Pittsburghese”,Journal of English Linguistics.Vol.34 ,No.7:77-104。