西南民族大学学报（人文社科版）

参考文献

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①参见：Confessor N.,Dance G.,Harris R.,et al.The Follower Factory,New York Times,https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/01/27/technology/social-media-bots.html,2018年1月27日。

②参见：《蔡徐坤1亿转发量幕后推手“星援app”被端》,新京报，https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1635953992336529922,2019年6月10日。

③参见：《金数据盛典揭露流量本质：蔡徐坤无效声量高达73%》,艾漫数据，http://www.ai-man.cn/observe/newsDetail/5c45c6c6368913566a007c2a.html,2019年1月21日。

④参见：《各大明星的“水军”力量被曝光，娱乐圈的水深不见底》,钛媒体，https://www.tmtpost.com/2582668.html,2017年3月17日。

⑤参见：《高级“水军”来了?机器人可模仿人类进行评论》,环球网，https://m.huanqiu.com/article/9CaKrnK52kr,2017年9月4日。

⑥参见：《明星买水军实锤?肖战、蔡徐坤数据暴跌十几万，孟美岐更尴尬》,搜狐网，https://www.sohu.com/a/417947697_100213728,2020年9月2日。

⑦参见：《某论坛Bug后职黑水军掉皮!杨超越、肖战、蔡徐坤究竟当了谁的路?》,https://bbs.hupu.com/32347647.html,虎扑网，2020年2月13日。

⑧参见：Bot Makers Loved the Last Jedi Discourse So Much They Decided to Politically Influence It:Fandom Disputes Are the New Presidential Election,The Verge,https://www.theverge.com/2018/10/2/17927696/star-wars-the-last-jedi-russian-trolls-bots-study,2018年10月2日。

⑨参见：This “Social Media” App Full of Bots Constantly Complimenting You is Intensely bizarre,Mashable,https://mashable.com/article/botnet-social-media-app/,2020年2月12日。

(10)参见：《整治职业黑粉乱象，网络平台不能袖手旁观》,半月谈网，http://www.banyuetan.org/jrt/detail/20200111/1000200033 134991578703052070478858_1.html,2020年1月11日。

(11)参见：《蔡徐坤1亿转发量幕后推手“星援app”被端》,新京报，https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1635953992336529922,2019年6月10日。

(12)参见：Moghaddam S.H.,Khademi M.,Abbaspour M.Does Homophily Make Socialbots More Influential?Exploring Infiltration Strategies(康奈尔大学arXiv数据库收录预发表学术论文),数据来源网站：arXiv,网址：arXiv:1903.06827,2019年3月15日。

(13)参见：Savvopoulos A.,Vikatos P.,Benevenuto F.Socialbots' First Words:Can Automatic Chatting Improve Influence in Twitter,paper presented in 2018 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM),2018年。

(14)上述观点参见：Golebiewski M.,Boyd D.Data Voids:Where Missing Data Can Easily Be Exploited,Data & Society,https://datasociety.net/library/data-voids-where-missing-data-can-easily-be-exploited/,2018年5月11日。

(15)参见：[英]约翰·斯道雷《文化理论与大众文化导论》,常江译，北京：北京大学出版社，2019年，第51页。

(16)参见：[日]东浩纪《游戏性写实主义的诞生：动物化的后现代2》,黄锦容译，台北：唐山出版社，2015年，第50页。

(17)上述观点参见：Barojan D.Understanding Bots,Botnets and Troll,International Journalists' Network,https://ijnet.org/en/story/understanding-bots-botnets-and-trolls,2018年11月13日。

(18)参见：《优酷宣布关闭前台播放量以热度指数代替原指标》,人民网，http://it.people.com.cn/n1/2019/0119/c1009-30578194.html,2019年1月19日。

(19)参见：《广电总局试运行收视综合评价大数据体系根治收视率造假》,人民日报，https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1621019596541829145,2018年12月27日。

(20)参见：《社交机器人、深度伪造……当假新闻生产传播智能化，我们如何应对?》,大众网，http://culture.dzwww.com/gdxw/202003/t20200303_5186474.htm,2020年3月3日。